China Expert中国问题专家

By Thomas Chow由周达明

The International Law News, which is the American Bar Association’s publication for the 在国际法律的新闻，这是美国律师协会的刊物为 International Law Section 国际法律科 , recently published an article by Law Professor ，最近发表了一篇文章，由法学教授 Richard Gruner 理查德古纳亚尔 entitled “Intellectual Property in the Four Chinas”.  Now, you might be wondering if there are four Chinas in the first place since most people think there is one China.  If you are a firm supporter of Taiwan, which is technically the Republic of China, that would give you two Chinas at best. 题为“知识产权在我国的四个” 。现在，你可能不知道，如果有4我国摆在首位，因为大多数人认为是有一个中国。如果你是一个坚定支持者，在台湾，这是技术上中华人民共和国是中国的，这将让您二我国在最好的。

On that note, Professor Gruner argues astutely:就说明，古纳亚尔教授辩称，敏锐：

The analysis of IP laws and their enforcement in China has been hobbled by oversimplifying China itself. 分析知识产权法律和执法，在中国一直陷入oversimplifying中国本身。 A number of astute observers of the developing business environments . 一些精明的观察员广大发展中国家的营商环境。 . 。 . 。
Read the rest of “Intellectual Property Enforcement in “Four Chinas”?” or post a comment阅读其余的“知识产权执法在”四我国“ ？ ”或张贴评论

By Sebastien Breteau由塞巴斯蒂安breteau

Quality Control is a crucial part in the process of importing from China. 质量控制是一个关键的一部分，在这个过程中进口来自中国。 Pressure on production costs, distance, time and cultural differences make it unavoidable. 压力对生产成本，距离，时间和文化差异，使它无可避免的。

Implementing Quality Control allows the importer to:实施质量控制，使进口商到：
• Minimize the risks (and associated costs) linked to quality, loading, warehousing or non-compliance issues: “My products have been rejected by customs because the labelling done by my Chinese supplier does not comply with European standards.” •最小的风险（和相关费用）相联系的质量，装载，仓储或不遵守的问题： “我的产品已被否决，由海关，因为标签做我的中国供应商不遵守欧洲标准” 。

• Make sure contractual obligations are met (specification, packing, printing, delivery): “My client rejected my delivery because the colour code of his logo has been wrongly printed on the production lot.” •确保合同义务会见（规格，包装，印刷，交货）说： “我的客户拒绝了我交货，因为颜色代码他的标志已被错误地印上生产了很多” 。
Read the rest of “Quality Control in China” or post a comment阅读其余“的质量控制中国”或张贴评论

By Jack Perkowski由杰克潘考夫斯基

On matters economic, I generally give the Chinese government high marks. 对经济事项的，我一般给中国政府高度马克。 Starting in 1978 with an economy that could barely feed its people, the government has guided China through 30 incredible years of economic reform and development. 开始于1978年与经济几乎无法养活其人民，政府已为指导，中国经过30多年的令人难以置信的经济改革和发展。

I have been here for half that period, and have personally witnessed how China has built out its infrastructure, deregulated one industry after another, privatized many of its state-owned companies and embraced globalization by joining the World Trade Organization.我一直在这里的一半，这期间，并亲眼目睹了中国如何建立其基础设施，放松管制的一个行业，纷纷私有化，它的许多国有控股公司和拥抱全球化，加入世界贸易组织。 As a result of these reforms and more, China is now the third-largest economy in the world, and everyone is waiting to see what the next 30 years will bring.由于这些改革和更多的，中国现在是第三大经济体在世界上，每个人都在等待，看看有什么未来30年会带来的。 Read the rest of “Sometimes, The Market Just Wants To Go Down” or post a comment经过休息， “有时候，市场只是要去”或张贴评论

By Ron Cune由Ron cune

In the Western world and especially in the Netherlands, open exchanges of view and fair discussions are very common. 在西方世界，特别是在荷兰，开放交流的看法和公平的讨论是非常普遍。 This sort of verbal interaction has a positive positively interpreted connotation. 这种口语互动具有积极正面的诠释内涵。 It is a proof the discussion partner is interested in you and your opinions. 这是一个证明的讨论，有兴趣的合作伙伴是在您和您的意见。

How different this is in the Chinese society.如何不同，这是在中国社会。 Any confrontation directly showing disagreement or questioning the things said, will be interpreted as if you have second thoughts about the other’s personal experience or worse, about the person himself.任何对抗，直接显示异议或质疑的事情说，将被解释为如果您有第二个思考其他的个人经验，或者更糟的是，关于该人本人。 Chinese counterparts feel attacked by receiving comments, this is a cultural issue.中国同行感到袭击接收的意见，这是一个文化的问题。 The term constructive criticism is therefore not very well known in China.任期建设性的批评，因此不十分清楚在中国。 Read the rest of “Constructive criticism or an insult?” or post a comment阅读其余的“建设性的批评或一种侮辱呢？ ”或张贴评论

Joint Ventures合资企业

By Gregory Sy由格雷戈里石荫

Joint Ventures, in this specific context, refer to a registered legal entity cooperation between at least one foreign investor and Chinese investor. 合资企业，在这种特定的背景下，是指注册的法律实体之间的合作至少有一个外国投资者与中国投资者。 Previously, this structure was more common, though it has been steadily decreasing due to the disadvantages set out below. 以前，这种结构是较为常见的，虽然它一直在稳步下降，由于弊端，载于下文。

Joint Ventures can be classified into two different types:合资企业可分为两种不同的类型：
- Equity Joint Ventures -股权的合资企业
- Cooperative Joint Ventures -合作合资企业

The main distinction between the two is that the latter provides for more flexibility in distribution of revenues.主要区别二是，后者提供了更大的灵活性，在分配的收入。 Whereas Equity Joint Ventures require that the joint venture partners share in distribution of profits based on their proportionate而股权的合资企业，规定合营企业伙伴的份额，利润分配的基础上，他们相称 Read the rest of “China Business Vehicles: Part III” or post a comment阅读其余的“中国商业车辆：第三部分”或张贴评论