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Verstehendes China

12. September 2007 durch China Geschäft Erfolg-Geschichten

Durch Antonio Fonduca

Verstehendes ChinaEiner der gewöhnlichsten Fehler, die Westerners neigen, beim Einwirken auf den Chinesen zu machen, ist, genug vor Zeit nicht vorzubereiten. Dieses ist ein tödlicher Fehler, da vollständige Vorbereitung Schlüssel ist. In besitzen Sie sehr Wörter der Sonne Tzu:

„Siegreiche Krieger gewinnen zuerst und gehen dann in den Krieg, während besiegte Krieger zuerst in den Krieg gehen und dann suchen zu gewinnen“

Zu vernachlässigen ist ziemlich grundlegend wirklich, dennoch so einfach. Um mit Ihren Geschäftsverbindungen mit dem Chinesen zu folgen ist es paramount die alten kulturellen Kräfte und die Traditionen zu erlernen die den chinesischen Verstand für Tausenden Jahre beeinflußt haben, und noch heute. Tatsächlich gibt es eine emergent Notwendigkeit, im allgemeinen an einem entwickelten Verständnis der interkulturellen Interaktionen in der heutigen dynamischen Welt. Wir benötigen Werkzeuge, kulturelle Abstände zu verringern und unser Verständnis in Richtung zu einander zu erhöhen.

Weltliche Gefahren vermeiden, müssen wir:

- Verstehen Sie die leise Sprache
- Erlernen Sie, wie man versteckte Bedeutungen deutet
- Kennzeichnen Sie die verborgenen Richtlinien des Spiels

Wie die meisten Leser bereits durchaus mit allgemeinen Themen vertraut sind, wie: Gesicht, guanxi und Reziprozität, bloß eine kurze Rekapitulation folgt:

1. Vertrauen kultivieren, soll es vom Wesentlichen, zum der persönlichen Verhältnisse zum Chinesen zu ernähren.
2. Als Westerner müssen Sie in die Schleife erhalten. Und einmal dort, bleiben Sie dort, indem Sie Gesicht geben und langfristigen gegenseitigen Nutzen ernähren.
3. Des Verhältnisses sehr anfangen ist besonders wichtig. Treten Sie sorgfältig, und seien Sie, Vertrauen zu erwerben und guanxi aufzuladen geduldig.
4. Lassen Sie mit einem guten Beispiel gehen und der Chinese tauscht aus. Gebenbevorzugungen früh an und der Chinese fühlen geverpflichtet, die Geste zurückzubringen.

Preparation comes in many forms. One of the best and most interesting ways of learning is through storytelling. Certainly, to learn from others mistakes and be inspired from other’s successes may be among the most effective ways to learn, next to having to go through the experiences ourselves. Therefore, I am going to share a couple of stories from interviews that I have conducted with senior Western executives with vast experiences in Chinese-Western business relations.

This first story sheds some light on differences in Western vs. Chinese viewpoints when it comes to legal agreements.

Some time ago my former boss told me I was lucky. I was set for the first year because he had already signed five contracts for five new stores. Then I started talking to one of our Chinese partners who had signed those contracts, and nothing seemed to be happening. Finally, my assistant told me, “Just because he signed a six-year contract two years ago with your former boss – a person who is not you – does not necessarily imply that he will respect the contract.” That was a big shock to me since the contract was notarized and everything. But we started to re-negotiate, article by article. Five years later, during the Asian crisis, I invited this same partner to my office and said, “Just because I signed a contract with you does not mean I will respect it. We are in a crisis.” He answered, “Fine” and we started to re-negotiate.

What can we learn from this experience? In short:

- Quid pro quo
- Reciprocity goes both ways
- Adapt to the system rather than resisting it
- See opportunities, instead of difficulties

Beware that legal contracts can mean less than a handshake to the Chinese. China is a low trust society, and the Chinese have historically had little faith even in their own government. Rather than relying on legal documents, they trust the person behind the contract, i.e. the relationship. Consider this other story on the same topic:

The difference in contract agreements is that our European and American suppliers always have long contract negotiations, where lawyers are involved and much emphasis is placed on the composition of the contracts. Only in China do we get the original back signed. They can actually take the bunch of contract, spread it out like a fan and then take one big red stamp over that, which leaves a small part of the stamp on every page.

Undoubtedly, Westerners and Chinese have different views on legal agreements. We also have different ways of expressing our respect and discontent. Misunderstandings are common. By being sensible and open minded, however, we can learn, adapt to and exploit these discrepancies to our advantage.

Indeed, understanding the silent language and identifying the hidden rules constitute huge advantages normally exclusive for insiders, but also available to sensible Westerners. As you commence to understand the underlying forces – the cultural values and the traditions – you will appreciate how to effectively interact with the Chinese.

Antonio Fonduca (http://www.fonduca.com) is an advisor on Chinese-Western business relations. He is author of the book “Conquering China”, recently published by Astonishing Book (http://www.conqueringchina.com).
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2 Responses to “Understanding China”

  1. Michael Says:

    yes, there are so many interesting stories about doing business in China, but why no people released any tales about how to handle the cross-cultural issue over Chinese management, ’cause local staff are too cuturally different to be managed, eventhough surfically, Chinese labor forces, expecially, young generation in the country seems love to accept the western managerial style, and has adapted it pretty well, however, once setbacks or mistakes during works happened upon them, most of them naturally retreated back to a more traditionally Chinese way for doing. Is it a matter of psychology, yeah, no doubt about that, but more i believe is there’s a strong link between cultural differences and various management methods that varys from country to country, and a great cultural clash in business operation could be caused, particularly for those western explorers who’ve just stepped into this oriental world where is expected to become a goldmine. Be careful!

  2. wo Says:

    When young generation grow up, they basically accept and identify with the more traditional way this is the effect of culture.

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