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ȸ»ç°¡ Áß±¹¿¡ µé¾î°¥ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀÇ multiplicities°¡ Àִ٠ȸ»ç ±¸Á¶´Â ½ÃÀå¿¡ µé¾î°¡´Â "Á¦ÀÏ" ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î ³ª¿ÀÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç. ´ëÁßÀûÀÎ ÅõÀÚ ³ë¼±Àº ´ëÇ¥ÀûÀÎ »ç¹«½Ç (RO), Àüü·Î ¼ÒÀ¯ÇÑ ¿Ü±¹ ±â¾÷ (WOFE), ¹× ÇÕÀÛ ÅõÀÚ (JV)¸¦ ÅëÇØ¼ À̾ú´Ù.
¿ª»çÀûÀ¸·Î 1980³â´ë¿¡¼ 1990³â´ë ¸»¿¡, ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ ¿Ü±¹ÀΠȸ»ç°¡ ±ÔÁ¤ÇÏ´Â °Á¦¿¡ ÀÀÇÏ¿© Áß±¹¿¡ ÀÖ´Â JVs¸¦ ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ´Â µ¿¾È, WOFE´Â Á¡Á¡ ´ëÁßÀû ÃÖ±Ù¿¡´Â Áõ¸íÇß´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¸é, MOFCOM¿¡¼ Á¤º¸ (2003³â ´Ù¸¥ Áö±¸¿¡¼ ÇÕÀÛ ÅõÀÚ´Â Áö±Ýµµ ÀÔÀåÀÇ ´ëÁßÀûÀÎ ¸ðÇüÀÎ ±×·¯³ª,)¿¡ µû¸£¸é, ȸ»ç´Â ´õ Áß±¹ÀÇ µ¿ºÎÂÊ Áö±¸¿¡ ÀÖ´Â Áß±¹ ±×µéÀÇ °¡µ¿À» À§ÇØ WOFE¸¦ »ç¿ëÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù.
WOFE ³ë¼±ÀÇ ¹Ø¿¡, ¸¦ ½ÅûÇÏ´Â »ç¾÷ µî·ÏÁõÀÇ 4°¡ÁöÀÇ À¯ÇüÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù: ±×°ÍÀÇ ÀÚ½ÅÀ» °¡Áø µµ¸Å (¹«¿ª) ¼öÀÔǰ°ú ¼öÃ⠱Ǹ®, Á¦Á¶, ¼Ò¸Å ±×¸®°í »ó´ãÇϰųª ¼ºñ½º. ¼öÀÔǰÀ» ½ÅûÇϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© ³ô°Ô ÃßõµÇ°í ¼öÃâÀº °úÁ¤ ¼ö±³¸¦ ´ë¸®Àο¡ ÁöºÒµÈ ºÀ»ç·á¸¦ ÀúÀåÇϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© µ¿½Ã¿¡ º¸»óÇÑ´Ù.
´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ 3°³ÀÇ ¸ÞÀÌÀú ÀÔÀå ³ë¼±ÀÇ °¢°¢ÀÇ ÂùºÎ¾ç·ÐÀ» ¿ä¾àÇÑ´Ù:
1. ´ëÇ¥ÀûÀÎ »ç¹«½Ç (RO)
ÀÌÁ¡:
• ³·Ã߽ʽÿÀ Áغñ ºñ¿ë (¿ä±¸µÇ´Â ÀÚº» ÅõÀÚ ¾øÀ½)¸¦
• ´õ ªÀº üÁ¦ ±â°£ (1 - 2 ´Þ)
• ³ª°¡´Â À¶Å뼺
• ¿ÏÀüÅëÁ¦
ºÒ¸®:
• »ç¾÷ ÇàÀ§ÀÇ Á¦ÇѵǴ ¹üÀ§ (¿¹¸¦µé¸é. Çü½ÄÀûÀÎ ÆÇ¸Å´Â ÀÛ¿ëÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù
Çã¿ëÇÏ´Â)
• ´õ ¾ö¹ÐÇÑ ³ëµ¿ ±ÔÄ¢ (ie´Â, Á¤ºÎ ½Ã°£ ´ë¸®ÀÎÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù)
• ´É·ü ¼¼±Ý ¾Æ´Õ´Ï´Ù
2. ÇÕÀÛ ÅõÀÚ (JV)
ÀÌÁ¡:
• ÇöÁö Áö½Ä, Á¤ºÎ °ü°è¿¡ Áï½Ã Á¢±Ù,
°ü¸® Àç´É
• ·¹¹ö¸®Áö¸¦ µµÀÔÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù ±¹³» »óÇ¥, ¸Å¸Å¸¦ ¼³Ä¡Çß´Ù
À¯Åë °æ·Î
Copyright 2007©China Business Solutions Ltd
Disadvantages:
• significant set up costs (minimum foreign contribution to investment is
US$100,000)
• differences in management styles and company culture
• potential conflicts of interest with the Chinese partner
3. Wholly Owned Foreign Enterprise (WOFE)
Advantages:
• full control over management and operation
• more flexibility in company strategic issues
• easier to repatriate profits
• better protection of IPR
Disadvantages:
• higher registration capital required (e.g. minimum US$140,000 )
• longer time to gain access to local knowledge, contacts and market
| Ting Zhang is the founder and CEO of China Business Solutions, a leading China specialist consultancy firm based in Cambridge, UK. China Business Solutions serves clients of all sizes - ranging from one man band start-ups, SMEs, not-for-profit organisation to FTSE 100 companies, and government agencies in UK and Europe. |



































