由Dalida Turkovic

圖片北京在90年代初期： 共產主義強的視覺出現在典型的庭院樣式住房(在塊安置的12個家庭被建立在一個中央圍場附近)，灰色毛衣服到處，幾乎氖在街道給標誌和仅偶爾的汽車和微型貨車做廣告。 在那些日子裡有二貨幣： 元和FEC (外匯貨幣)仅可利用對外國人，以更低的交換率比元(1$=8.9yuan， 1$=7.4FEC)。 強的政府控制，惡化由最近事件在天安門廣場，意味知道中國人民是 幾乎不可能-他們未允許進入旅館和，因此有對外國物品和生活方式的暴露，只是可利用的在旅館。

90年代中期給中國帶來了新看法和可能性。 私有制在生活方式和迅速擴展興旺，帶來隔夜改變在汽車工業，服務行業，街道做廣告和不動產。 外國人想要利用設定一家私人企業許多機會在中國遭遇中國法律出席的障礙山。 外國人被允許開始事務的唯一的方式是與一個地方人合夥，會必須有歸屬和所有法定權利一個主要份額。 In order to apply, the name approval, acceptance from MOFTEC (the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Cooperation) and tons of other paperwork all had to be legally registered, which would take many months and was often dependant on how good guanxi (relationship building) your Chinese partner had with local authorities.

The beginning of the 21st Century brought further developments. The previously tedious business registration process could now be done by various consulting agencies, providing this service for a minimum sum in a much shorter time. The easiest way of setting up a company was to apply as a consultancy service, which term covered such a broad spectrum that it effectively allowed the individual to explore business opportunities according to the market growth. Three options became available:
- Full Chinese ownership for the investment of 100,000 yuan
- Joint venture with 51-49% ratio in favor of the Chinese partner for the same amount.
- Full foreign ownership (WOFE: Wholly Owned Foreign Enterprise) for $100,000
At this period China was still looking at limiting market growth to businesses with ’serious’ investment, although services for setting up ones own business were much improved and once the business was up and running the only further legal obligation was to pay taxes.

The year 2005 brought in yet more changes and China continues to relax its need for control. Setting up a consulting company now takes only a few months. With a small amount of paperwork and a minimum of $10,000, you can own the business in China, as long as it is already registered abroad, with a Hong Kong bank account. The second step would be to hire an accountant (part-time if necessary) and open a mainland China bank account. For office space, you can run your business from home as long as the real estate management has a licence for such services or if you own the apartment. So, these days you are pretty much free to find your own way, use your own guanxi and explore the many opportunities in the land of dragons.

Copyright 2006 Dalida Turkovic

Article Source: http://www.articles4meandu.com

Dalida Turkovic - Master Coach and Master NLP Practitioner has lived and worked in China since 1990. Please visit her business coaching website Small Steps Coaching and her blog at Life Coaching First Steps.